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HOW ARE BABIES MADE
Motherhood
is a blessing and a woman is complete after she is a mother.
In order to conceive it is important that you know exactly
what your body will be going through and how you will conceive
and deliver your baby. In this article we will try to explain
the whole procedure of conceiving and producing a baby.
Inside the woman's body
Women have two kiwi-shaped balls known as ovaries attached
to either side of your uterus which are full of eggs. Every
infant girl is born with more than 500,000 eggs (more than
a lifetime's supply) in her ovaries. Most of these eggs begin
dying off almost immediately but you are still justify with plenty
for your reproductive years. Altogether you'll probably release
about 400 eggs, beginning with your first period and ending
when menopause arrives, usually between ages 45 and 55. Sometime
during the middle of your menstrual cycle (most likely between
the 12th and 16th days), an egg reaches maturity in one of
the two ovaries, which releases it into the abdomen, where
it's quickly sucked up by the tulip-shaped opening of the
nearest Fallopian tube; these are two 4-inch canals leading
from the ovaries to the uterus. This release, known as ovulation,
starts the conception clock ticking. The average egg lives
only 24 hours, so it has to be fertilized soon if a baby is
to be conceived. If your egg meets up with a healthy sperm
on its way to the uterus, the two can join and begin the process
of creating a new life. If not, it ends its journey at the
uterus, where it disintegrates and is expelled a couple of
weeks later during your period.
Inside
the man's body
While women are busy maturing a single egg at the leisurely
pace of about one a month, men are almost constantly at work
producing millions of microscopic sperm, whose sole purpose
in life is to swim for their lives and penetrate an egg. While
women come complete with all the eggs they'll ever need, men
aren't born with ready-made sperm. They have to make them
on a regular basis - from start to finish it takes about 64
to 72 days to create a new sperm cell. With every ejaculation
a man releases around 200 to 350 million sperms and an average
sperm lives only a few weeks in a man's body. Sperm production
starts in the testicles, the two glands housed in the scrotal
sac beneath the penis. The testicles hang outside the body
because they're quite sensitive to temperature. To produce
healthy sperm they have to stay at 94 degrees Fahrenheit -
about four degrees cooler than normal body temperature. Once
the sperm is created, it's stored in a portion of the testicle
known as the epididymis until it's scooped up and mixed with
semen just prior to ejaculation.
Despite
the millions of sperm that are produced and released in each
ejaculate, only one can fertilize an egg (this is the case
even for twins). The gender of the resulting embryo depends
on which type of sperm burrows into the egg first - sperm
with a Y chromosome will make a boy baby, and sperm with an
X chromosome will make a girl.
What happens while you're having sex
While making love your bodies build up tension that results
in orgasm. In men, orgasm propels rich semen into the vagina
and up against the cervix at roughly 10 miles per hour. This
process, known as ejaculation, gives sperm a head start on
their way to the egg. A woman's climax also aids conception.
Some research shows that the wavelike contractions associated
with the female O help pull the sperm farther into the cervix.
Certain positions like the missionary position (man on top)
or the rear-entry position (man behind woman, both facing
the same direction) are best because they allow for deep penetration.
It is also very important to keep tract of your ovulation
period if you are planning to get pregnant. That means you
should aim to make love at least every other day during the
middle of your cycle.
The
Final Destination
If conception is going to happen, it will be in the first
few hours after sex. It is advisable for the woman to stay
on her back with a pillow under her bottom for at least 20
or 30 minutes so gravity can help the sperm get to the waiting
egg. What is happening inside your body is that those millions
of sperm have begun their quest to find your egg, and an easy
journey it's not. The first obstacle is the acid level in
your vagina, which can be deadly to sperm. Then there's your
cervical mucus, which can seem like an impenetrable net except
on the one or two days when you're most fertile and it miraculously
loosens up so a few of the strongest swimmers can get through.
But that's not all; the sperm that survive still have a long
road ahead. In all they need to travel about seven inches
from the cervix through the uterus to the Fallopian tubes.
When you consider that they travel at a rate of roughly an
inch every 15 minutes, that's quite a trip. The fastest swimmers
may find the egg in as little as 45 minutes, while the slowest
can take up to 12 hours. If they don't find an egg in the
Fallopian tubes at the time of intercourse, the sperm can
wait there in a resting stage for up to 72 hours.
The
attrition rate for sperm is so high that only a few dozen
ever make it to the egg. The rest get trapped, lost - perhaps
heading up the wrong Fallopian tube - or die along the way.
For the lucky few who get near the egg, the race isn't over.
They have to work frantically to penetrate the egg's outer
shell and get inside before the others. When the hardiest
of the bunch makes it through, the egg changes instantaneously
so that no other sperm can get in. It's like a protective
shield that clamps down over the egg at the exact moment that
first sperm is safely inside.
Now
the real miracle begins. The egg will be fertilized within
about 24 hours as the genetic material from the sperm combines
with the genetic material in the egg to create a new cell
that will rapidly start dividing. You're not actually pregnant
until that bundle of new cells, known as the embryo, travels
the rest of the way down the Fallopian tube and attaches itself
to the wall of your uterus. (Although you can have an ectopic
pregnancy if the embryo implants somewhere other than the
uterus, usually in the Fallopian tube. An ectopic pregnancy
is not viable, and the embryo has to be surgically removed
to prevent rupture and damage to the Fallopian tube.) That
final leg of the trip can take another three days or so, but
it may be a few more weeks until you miss a period and suspect
that you're going to have a baby.
Once
you have missed your period - or noticed one of the other
signs of pregnancy - you can use verify to confirm whether
you are pregnant or not.
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